/* Util.java -- Miscellaneous utility methods.
Copyright (C) 2003 Casey Marshall <rsdio@metastatic.org>
This file is a part of Jessie.
Jessie is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
option) any later version.
Jessie is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
with Jessie; if not, write to the
Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
59 Temple Place, Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307
USA
Linking this library statically or dynamically with other modules is
making a combined work based on this library. Thus, the terms and
conditions of the GNU General Public License cover the whole
combination.
As a special exception, the copyright holders of this library give you
permission to link this library with independent modules to produce an
executable, regardless of the license terms of these independent
modules, and to copy and distribute the resulting executable under terms
of your choice, provided that you also meet, for each linked independent
module, the terms and conditions of the license of that module. An
independent module is a module which is not derived from or based on
this library. If you modify this library, you may extend this exception
to your version of the library, but you are not obligated to do so. If
you do not wish to do so, delete this exception statement from your
version. */
package org.metastatic.jessie.provider;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
import java.security.Security;
/**
* A collection of useful class methods.
*
* @author Casey Marshall (rsdio@metastatic.org)
*/
final class Util
{
// Constants.
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------
static final String HEX = "0123456789abcdef";
// Static methods only.
private Util() { }
// Class methods.
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Convert a hexadecimal string into its byte representation.
*
* @param hex The hexadecimal string.
* @return The converted bytes.
*/
static byte[] toByteArray(String hex)
{
hex = hex.toLowerCase();
byte[] buf = new byte[hex.length() / 2];
int j = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < buf.length; i++)
{
buf[i] = (byte) ((Character.digit(hex.charAt(j++), 16) << 4) |
Character.digit(hex.charAt(j++), 16));
}
return buf;
}
/**
* Convert a byte array to a hexadecimal string, as though it were a
* big-endian arbitrarily-sized integer.
*
* @param buf The bytes to format.
* @param off The offset to start at.
* @param len The number of bytes to format.
* @return A hexadecimal representation of the specified bytes.
*/
static String toHexString(byte[] buf, int off, int len)
{
StringBuffer str = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
str.append(HEX.charAt(buf[i+off] >>> 4 & 0x0F));
str.append(HEX.charAt(buf[i+off] & 0x0F));
}
return str.toString();
}
/**
* See {@link #toHexString(byte[],int,int)}.
*/
static String toHexString(byte[] buf)
{
return Util.toHexString(buf, 0, buf.length);
}
/**
* Convert a byte array to a hexadecimal string, separating octets
* with the given character.
*
* @param buf The bytes to format.
* @param off The offset to start at.
* @param len The number of bytes to format.
* @param sep The character to insert between octets.
* @return A hexadecimal representation of the specified bytes.
*/
static String toHexString(byte[] buf, int off, int len, char sep)
{
StringBuffer str = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
str.append(HEX.charAt(buf[i+off] >>> 4 & 0x0F));
str.append(HEX.charAt(buf[i+off] & 0x0F));
if (i < len - 1)
str.append(sep);
}
return str.toString();
}
/**
* See {@link #toHexString(byte[],int,int,char)}.
*/
static String toHexString(byte[] buf, char sep)
{
return Util.toHexString(buf, 0, buf.length, sep);
}
/**
* Create a representation of the given byte array similar to the
* output of <code>`hexdump -C'</code>, which is
*
* <p><pre>OFFSET SIXTEEN-BYTES-IN-HEX PRINTABLE-BYTES</pre>
*
* <p>The printable bytes show up as-is if they are printable and
* not a newline character, otherwise showing as '.'.
*
* @param buf The bytes to format.
* @param off The offset to start at.
* @param len The number of bytes to encode.
* @param prefix A string to prepend to every line.
* @return The formatted string.
*/
static String hexDump(byte[] buf, int off, int len, String prefix)
{
String nl = getProperty("line.separator");
StringBuffer str = new StringBuffer();
int i = 0;
while (i < len)
{
if (prefix != null)
str.append(prefix);
str.append(Util.formatInt(i+off, 16, 8));
str.append(" ");
String s = Util.toHexString(buf, i+off, Math.min(16, len-i), ' ');
str.append(s);
for (int j = 56 - (56 - s.length()); j < 56; j++)
str.append(" ");
for (int j = 0; j < Math.min(16, len - i); j++)
{
if ((buf[i+off+j] & 0xFF) < 0x20 || (buf[i+off+j] & 0xFF) > 0x7E)
str.append('.');
else
str.append((char) (buf[i+off+j] & 0xFF));
}
str.append(nl);
i += 16;
}
return str.toString();
}
/**
* See {@link #hexDump(byte[],int,int,String)}.
*/
static String hexDump(byte[] buf, int off, int len)
{
return hexDump(buf, off, len, "");
}
/**
* See {@link #hexDump(byte[],int,int,String)}.
*/
static String hexDump(byte[] buf, String prefix)
{
return hexDump(buf, 0, buf.length, prefix);
}
/**
* See {@link #hexDump(byte[],int,int,String)}.
*/
static String hexDump(byte[] buf)
{
return hexDump(buf, 0, buf.length);
}
/**
* Format an integer into the specified radix, zero-filled.
*
* @param i The integer to format.
* @param radix The radix to encode to.
* @param len The target length of the string. The string is
* zero-padded to this length, but may be longer.
* @return The formatted integer.
*/
static String formatInt(int i, int radix, int len)
{
String s = Integer.toString(i, radix);
StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
for (int j = 0; j < len - s.length(); j++)
buf.append("0");
buf.append(s);
return buf.toString();
}
/**
* Concatenate two byte arrays into one.
*
* @param b1 The first byte array.
* @param b2 The second byte array.
* @return The concatenation of b1 and b2.
*/
static byte[] concat(byte[] b1, byte[] b2)
{
byte[] b3 = new byte[b1.length+b2.length];
System.arraycopy(b1, 0, b3, 0, b1.length);
System.arraycopy(b2, 0, b3, b1.length, b2.length);
return b3;
}
/**
* See {@link #trim(byte[],int,int)}.
*/
static byte[] trim(byte[] buffer, int len)
{
return trim(buffer, 0, len);
}
/**
* Returns a portion of a byte array, possibly zero-filled.
*
* @param buffer The byte array to trim.
* @param off The offset to begin reading at.
* @param len The number of bytes to return. This value can be larger
* than <i>buffer.length - off</i>, in which case the rest of the
* returned byte array will be filled with zeros.
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException If <i>off</i> or <i>len</i> is
* negative, or if <i>off</i> is larger than the byte array's
* length.
* @return The trimmed byte array.
*/
static byte[] trim(byte[] buffer, int off, int len)
{
if (off < 0 || len < 0 || off > buffer.length)
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("max=" + buffer.length +
" off=" + off + " len=" + len);
if (off == 0 && len == buffer.length)
return buffer;
byte[] b = new byte[len];
System.arraycopy(buffer, off, b, 0, Math.min(len, buffer.length - off));
return b;
}
/**
* Returns the byte array representation of the given big integer with
* the leading zero byte (if any) trimmed off.
*
* @param bi The integer to trim.
* @return The byte representation of the big integer, with any leading
* zero removed.
*/
static byte[] trim(BigInteger bi)
{
byte[] buf = bi.toByteArray();
if (buf[0] == 0x00 && !bi.equals(BigInteger.ZERO))
{
return trim(buf, 1, buf.length - 1);
}
else
{
return buf;
}
}
/**
* Returns the integer value of <code>{@link
* java.lang.System#currentTimeMillis()} / 1000</code>.
*
* @return The current time, in seconds.
*/
static int unixTime()
{
return (int) (System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000L);
}
/**
* Transform an Object array into another by calling the given method
* on each object. The returned object array will have the runtime
* type of <i>returnType</i>. For example, the following will transform
* array of objects into their String representations, returning a String
* array. For example:
*
* <blockquote><p><code>
* String[] strings = (String[]) Util.transform(array, String.class,
* "toString", null);
* </code></p></blockquote>
*
* <p>If any element of the given array is <tt>null</tt>, then that
* entry in the returned array will also be <tt>null</tt>.
*
* @param array The array to transform. It does not need to be of
* uniform type.
* @param returnType The desired return type of the returned array.
* This must by the <i>component</i> type, not the array type.
* @param method The name of the method to invoke from each object.
* @param args The arguments to pass to the method, or <tt>null</tt>
* if the method takes no arguments.
* @throws InvocationTargetException If an exception occurs while
* calling <i>method</i> of any object.
* @throws NoSuchMethodException If <i>method</i> is not the name of
* a valid method of any component of the array.
* @throws ClassCastException If the returned object from the method
* is not assignable to the return type.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException If <i>args</i> is not appropriate
* for <i>method</i>
* @throws IllegalAccessException If <i>method</i> is not accessible.
* @throws SecurityException If <i>method</i> is not accessible.
* @return An array containing the output of <i>method</i> called on
* each element of <i>array</i> with <i>args</i>. The return type
* of the array will be an array of <i>returnType</i>.
*/
static Object[] transform(Object[] array, Class returnType,
String method, Object[] args)
throws InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException,
IllegalAccessException
{
if (args == null)
args = new Object[0];
Object[] result = (Object[]) Array.newInstance(returnType, array.length);
Class[] argsClasses = new Class[args.length];
for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++)
{
argsClasses[i] = args[i].getClass();
}
for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++)
{
if (array[i] == null)
{
result[i] = null;
continue;
}
Class objClass = array[i].getClass();
Method objMethod = objClass.getMethod(method, argsClasses);
Object o = objMethod.invoke(array[i], args);
if (!returnType.isAssignableFrom(o.getClass()))
throw new ClassCastException();
result[i] = o;
}
return result;
}
/**
* Get a system property as a privileged action.
*
* @param name The name of the property to get.
* @return The property named <i>name</i>, or null if the property is
* not set.
* @throws SecurityException If the Jessie code still does not have
* permission to read the property.
*/
static String getProperty(final String name)
{
return (String) AccessController.doPrivileged(
new PrivilegedAction()
{
public Object run()
{
return System.getProperty(name);
}
}
);
}
/**
* Get a security property as a privileged action.
*
* @param name The name of the property to get.
* @return The property named <i>name</i>, or null if the property is
* not set.
* @throws SecurityException If the Jessie code still does not have
* permission to read the property.
*/
static String getSecurityProperty(final String name)
{
return (String) AccessController.doPrivileged(
new PrivilegedAction()
{
public Object run()
{
return Security.getProperty(name);
}
}
);
}
}
