download BooleanUtils.java
Language: Java
License: AL20
Copyright: Copyright 2002-2004 The Apache Software Foundation.
LOC: 272
Project Info
jakarta-commons
Server: Apache
Type: svn
...va\org\apache\commons\lang\
   ArrayUtils.java
   BitField.java
   BooleanUtils.java
   CharRange.java
   CharSet.java
   CharSetUtils.java
   CharUtils.java
   ClassUtils.java
   Entities.java
   IllegalClassException.java
   ...eArgumentException.java
   Interpolation.java
   IntHashMap.java
   ...plementedException.java
   NullArgumentException.java
   NumberRange.java
   NumberUtils.java
   ObjectUtils.java
   RandomStringUtils.java
   ...alizationException.java
   SerializationUtils.java
   StringEscapeUtils.java
   StringPrintWriter.java
   StringUtils.java
   SystemUtils.java
   Tokenizer.java
   UnhandledException.java
   Validate.java
   WordUtils.java

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/*
 * Copyright 2002-2004 The Apache Software Foundation.
 * 
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.commons.lang;

import org.apache.commons.lang.math.NumberUtils;

/**
 * <p>Operations on boolean primitives and Boolean objects.</p>
 *
 * <p>This class tries to handle <code>null</code> input gracefully.
 * An exception will not be thrown for a <code>null</code> input.
 * Each method documents its behaviour in more detail.</p>
 * 
 * @author Stephen Colebourne
 * @author Matthew Hawthorne
 * @author Gary Gregory
 * @since 2.0
 * @version $Id: BooleanUtils.java,v 1.18 2004/02/18 22:59:50 ggregory Exp $
 */
public class BooleanUtils {

    /**
     * <p><code>BooleanUtils</code> instances should NOT be constructed in standard programming.
     * Instead, the class should be used as <code>BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject(true);</code>.</p>
     *
     * <p>This constructor is public to permit tools that require a JavaBean instance
     * to operate.</p>
     */
    public BooleanUtils() {
    }

    // Boolean utilities
    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * <p>Negates the specified boolean.</p>
     * 
     * <p>If <code>null</code> is passed in, <code>null</code> will be returned.</p>
     *
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.negate(Boolean.TRUE)  = Boolean.FALSE;
     *   BooleanUtils.negate(Boolean.FALSE) = Boolean.TRUE;
     *   BooleanUtils.negate(null)          = null;
     * </pre>
     * 
     * @param bool  the Boolean to negate, may be null
     * @return the negated Boolean, or <code>null</code> if <code>null</code> input
     */
    public static Boolean negate(Boolean bool) {
        if (bool == null) {
            return null;
        }
        return (bool.booleanValue() ? Boolean.FALSE : Boolean.TRUE);
    }
    
    // boolean Boolean methods
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * <p>Boolean factory that avoids creating new Boolean objecs all the time.</p>
     * 
     * <p>This method was added to JDK1.4 but is available here for earlier JDKs.</p>
     *
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject(false) = Boolean.FALSE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject(true)  = Boolean.TRUE
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the boolean to convert
     * @return Boolean.TRUE or Boolean.FALSE as appropriate
     */
    public static Boolean toBooleanObject(boolean bool) {
        return (bool ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a Boolean to a boolean handling <code>null</code>
     * by returning <code>false</code>.</p>
     *
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(Boolean.TRUE)  = true
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(Boolean.FALSE) = false
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(null)          = false
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the boolean to convert
     * @return <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>, 
     *  <code>null</code> returns <code>false</code>
     */
    public static boolean toBoolean(Boolean bool) {
        if (bool == null) {
            return false;
        }
        return (bool.booleanValue() ? true : false);
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a Boolean to a boolean handling <code>null</code>.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanDefaultIfNull(Boolean.TRUE, false) = true
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanDefaultIfNull(Boolean.FALSE, true) = false
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanDefaultIfNull(null, true)          = true
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the boolean to convert
     * @param valueIfNull  the boolean value to return if <code>null</code>
     * @return <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>
     */
    public static boolean toBooleanDefaultIfNull(Boolean bool, boolean valueIfNull) {
        if (bool == null) {
            return valueIfNull;
        }
        return (bool.booleanValue() ? true : false);
    }
    
    // Integer to Boolean methods
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * <p>Converts an int to a boolean using the convention that <code>zero</code>
     * is <code>false</code>.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(0) = false
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(1) = true
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(2) = true
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param value  the int to convert
     * @return <code>true</code> if non-zero, <code>false</code>
     *  if zero
     */
    public static boolean toBoolean(int value) {
        return (value == 0 ? false : true);
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts an int to a Boolean using the convention that <code>zero</code>
     * is <code>false</code>.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(0) = Boolean.FALSE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(1) = Boolean.TRUE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(2) = Boolean.TRUE
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param value  the int to convert
     * @return Boolean.TRUE if non-zero, Boolean.FALSE if zero,
     *  <code>null</code> if <code>null</code>
     */
    public static Boolean toBooleanObject(int value) {
        return (value == 0 ? Boolean.FALSE : Boolean.TRUE);
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts an Integer to a Boolean using the convention that <code>zero</code>
     * is <code>false</code>.</p>
     * 
     * <p><code>null</code> will be converted to <code>null</code>.</p>
     *
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(new Integer(0))    = Boolean.FALSE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(new Integer(1))    = Boolean.TRUE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(new Integer(null)) = null
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param value  the Integer to convert
     * @return Boolean.TRUE if non-zero, Boolean.FALSE if zero,
     *  <code>null</code> if <code>null</code> input
     */
    public static Boolean toBooleanObject(Integer value) {
        if (value == null) {
            return null;
        }
        return (value.intValue() == 0 ? Boolean.FALSE : Boolean.TRUE);
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts an int to a boolean specifying the conversion values.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(0, 1, 0) = false
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(1, 1, 0) = true
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(2, 1, 2) = false
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(2, 2, 0) = true
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param value  the Integer to convert
     * @param trueValue  the value to match for <code>true</code>
     * @param falseValue  the value to match for <code>false</code>
     * @return <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if no match
     */
    public static boolean toBoolean(int value, int trueValue, int falseValue) {
        if (value == trueValue) {
            return true;
        } else if (value == falseValue) {
            return false;
        }
        // no match
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("The Integer did not match either specified value");
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts an Integer to a boolean specifying the conversion values.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(new Integer(0), new Integer(1), new Integer(0)) = false
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(new Integer(1), new Integer(1), new Integer(0)) = true
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(new Integer(2), new Integer(1), new Integer(2)) = false
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(new Integer(2), new Integer(2), new Integer(0)) = true
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(null, null, new Integer(0))                     = true
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param value  the Integer to convert
     * @param trueValue  the value to match for <code>true</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @param falseValue  the value to match for <code>false</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @return <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if no match
     */
    public static boolean toBoolean(Integer value, Integer trueValue, Integer falseValue) {
        if (value == null) {
            if (trueValue == null) {
                return true;
            } else if (falseValue == null) {
                return false;
            }
        } else if (value.equals(trueValue)) {
            return true;
        } else if (value.equals(falseValue)) {
            return false;
        }
        // no match
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("The Integer did not match either specified value");
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts an int to a Boolean specifying the conversion values.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject(0, 0, 2, 3) = Boolean.TRUE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject(2, 1, 2, 3) = Boolean.FALSE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject(3, 1, 2, 3) = null
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param value  the Integer to convert
     * @param trueValue  the value to match for <code>true</code>
     * @param falseValue  the value to match for <code>false</code>
     * @param nullValue  the value to to match for <code>null</code>
     * @return Boolean.TRUE, Boolean.FALSE, or <code>null</code>
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if no match
     */
    public static Boolean toBooleanObject(int value, int trueValue, int falseValue, int nullValue) {
        if (value == trueValue) {
            return Boolean.TRUE;
        } else if (value == falseValue) {
            return Boolean.FALSE;
        } else if (value == nullValue) {
            return null;
        }
        // no match
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("The Integer did not match any specified value");
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts an Integer to a Boolean specifying the conversion values.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject(new Integer(0), new Integer(0), new Integer(2), new Integer(3)) = Boolean.TRUE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject(new Integer(2), new Integer(1), new Integer(2), new Integer(3)) = Boolean.FALSE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject(new Integer(3), new Integer(1), new Integer(2), new Integer(3)) = null
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param value  the Integer to convert
     * @param trueValue  the value to match for <code>true</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @param falseValue  the value to match for <code>false</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @param nullValue  the value to to match for <code>null</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @return Boolean.TRUE, Boolean.FALSE, or <code>null</code>
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if no match
     */
    public static Boolean toBooleanObject(Integer value, Integer trueValue, Integer falseValue, Integer nullValue) {
        if (value == null) {
            if (trueValue == null) {
                return Boolean.TRUE;
            } else if (falseValue == null) {
                return Boolean.FALSE;
            } else if (nullValue == null) {
                return null;
            }
        } else if (value.equals(trueValue)) {
            return Boolean.TRUE;
        } else if (value.equals(falseValue)) {
            return Boolean.FALSE;
        } else if (value.equals(nullValue)) {
            return null;
        }
        // no match
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("The Integer did not match any specified value");
    }
    
    // Boolean to Integer methods
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * <p>Converts a boolean to an int using the convention that
     * <code>zero</code> is <code>false</code>.</p>
     *
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toInteger(true)  = 1
     *   BooleanUtils.toInteger(false) = 0
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the boolean to convert
     * @return one if <code>true</code>, zero if <code>false</code>
     */
    public static int toInteger(boolean bool) {
        return (bool ? 1 : 0);
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a boolean to an Integer using the convention that
     * <code>zero</code> is <code>false</code>.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toIntegerObject(true)  = new Integer(1)
     *   BooleanUtils.toIntegerObject(false) = new Integer(0)
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the boolean to convert
     * @return one if <code>true</code>, zero if <code>false</code>
     */
    public static Integer toIntegerObject(boolean bool) {
        return (bool ? NumberUtils.INTEGER_ONE : NumberUtils.INTEGER_ZERO);
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a Boolean to a Integer using the convention that
     * <code>zero</code> is <code>false</code>.</p>
     *
     * <p><code>null</code> will be converted to <code>null</code>.</p>
     *
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toIntegerObject(Boolean.TRUE)  = new Integer(1)
     *   BooleanUtils.toIntegerObject(Boolean.FALSE) = new Integer(0)
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the Boolean to convert
     * @return one if Boolean.TRUE, zero if Boolean.FALSE, <code>null</code> if <code>null</code>
     */
    public static Integer toIntegerObject(Boolean bool) {
        if (bool == null) {
            return null;
        }
        return (bool.booleanValue() ? NumberUtils.INTEGER_ONE : NumberUtils.INTEGER_ZERO);
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a boolean to an int specifying the conversion values.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toInteger(true, 1, 0)  = 1
     *   BooleanUtils.toInteger(false, 1, 0) = 0
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the to convert
     * @param trueValue  the value to return if <code>true</code>
     * @param falseValue  the value to return if <code>false</code>
     * @return the appropriate value
     */
    public static int toInteger(boolean bool, int trueValue, int falseValue) {
        return (bool ? trueValue : falseValue);
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a Boolean to an int specifying the conversion values.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toInteger(Boolean.TRUE, 1, 0, 2)  = 1
     *   BooleanUtils.toInteger(Boolean.FALSE, 1, 0, 2) = 0
     *   BooleanUtils.toInteger(null, 1, 0, 2)          = 2
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the Boolean to convert
     * @param trueValue  the value to return if <code>true</code>
     * @param falseValue  the value to return if <code>false</code>
     * @param nullValue  the value to return if <code>null</code>
     * @return the appropriate value
     */
    public static int toInteger(Boolean bool, int trueValue, int falseValue, int nullValue) {
        if (bool == null) {
            return nullValue;
        }
        return (bool.booleanValue() ? trueValue : falseValue);
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a boolean to an Integer specifying the conversion values.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toIntegerObject(true, new Integer(1), new Integer(0))  = new Integer(1)
     *   BooleanUtils.toIntegerObject(false, new Integer(1), new Integer(0)) = new Integer(0)
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the to convert
     * @param trueValue  the value to return if <code>true</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @param falseValue  the value to return if <code>false</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @return the appropriate value
     */
    public static Integer toIntegerObject(boolean bool, Integer trueValue, Integer falseValue) {
        return (bool ? trueValue : falseValue);
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a Boolean to an Integer specifying the conversion values.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toIntegerObject(Boolean.TRUE, new Integer(1), new Integer(0), new Integer(2))  = new Integer(1)
     *   BooleanUtils.toIntegerObject(Boolean.FALSE, new Integer(1), new Integer(0), new Integer(2)) = new Integer(0)
     *   BooleanUtils.toIntegerObject(null, new Integer(1), new Integer(0), new Integer(2))          = new Integer(2)
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the Boolean to convert
     * @param trueValue  the value to return if <code>true</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @param falseValue  the value to return if <code>false</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @param nullValue  the value to return if <code>null</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @return the appropriate value
     */
    public static Integer toIntegerObject(Boolean bool, Integer trueValue, Integer falseValue, Integer nullValue) {
        if (bool == null) {
            return nullValue;
        }
        return (bool.booleanValue() ? trueValue : falseValue);
    }
    
    // String to Boolean methods
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * <p>Converts a String to a Boolean.</p>
     * 
     * <p><code>'true'</code>, <code>'on'</code> or <code>'yes'</code>
     * (case insensitive) will return <code>true</code>.
     * <code>'false'</code>, <code>'off'</code> or <code>'no'</code>
     * (case insensitive) will return <code>false</code>.
     * Otherwise, <code>null</code> is returned.</p>
     *
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject(null)    = null
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject("true")  = Boolean.TRUE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject("false") = Boolean.FALSE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject("on")    = Boolean.TRUE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject("ON")    = Boolean.TRUE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject("off")   = Boolean.FALSE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject("oFf")   = Boolean.FALSE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject("blue")  = null
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param str  the String to check
     * @return the Boolean value of the string,
     *  <code>null</code> if no match or <code>null</code> input
     */
    public static Boolean toBooleanObject(String str) {
        if ("true".equalsIgnoreCase(str)) {
            return Boolean.TRUE;
        } else if ("false".equalsIgnoreCase(str)) {
            return Boolean.FALSE;
        } else if ("on".equalsIgnoreCase(str)) {
            return Boolean.TRUE;
        } else if ("off".equalsIgnoreCase(str)) {
            return Boolean.FALSE;
        } else if ("yes".equalsIgnoreCase(str)) {
            return Boolean.TRUE;
        } else if ("no".equalsIgnoreCase(str)) {
            return Boolean.FALSE;
        }
        // no match
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * <p>Converts a String to a Boolean throwing an exception if no match.</p>
     *
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject("true", "true", "false", "null")  = Boolean.TRUE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject("false", "true", "false", "null") = Boolean.FALSE
     *   BooleanUtils.toBooleanObject("null", "true", "false", "null")  = null
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param str  the String to check
     * @param trueString  the String to match for <code>true</code>
     *  (case sensitive), may be <code>null</code>
     * @param falseString  the String to match for <code>false</code>
     *  (case sensitive), may be <code>null</code>
     * @param nullString  the String to match for <code>null</code>
     *  (case sensitive), may be <code>null</code>
     * @return the Boolean value of the string,
     *  <code>null</code> if no match or <code>null</code> input
     */
    public static Boolean toBooleanObject(String str, String trueString, String falseString, String nullString) {
        if (str == null) {
            if (trueString == null) {
                return Boolean.TRUE;
            } else if (falseString == null) {
                return Boolean.FALSE;
            } else if (nullString == null) {
                return null;
            }
        } else if (str.equals(trueString)) {
            return Boolean.TRUE;
        } else if (str.equals(falseString)) {
            return Boolean.FALSE;
        } else if (str.equals(nullString)) {
            return null;
        }
        // no match
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("The String did not match any specified value");
    }

    // String to boolean methods
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * <p>Converts a String to a boolean (optimised for performance).</p>
     * 
     * <p><code>'true'</code>, <code>'on'</code> or <code>'yes'</code>
     * (case insensitive) will return <code>true</code>. Otherwise,
     * <code>false</code> is returned.</p>
     * 
     * <p>This method performs 4 times faster (JDK1.4) than
     * <code>Boolean.valueOf(String)</code>. However, this method accepts
     * 'on' and 'yes' as true values.
     *
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean(null)    = false
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean("true")  = true
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean("TRUE")  = true
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean("tRUe")  = true
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean("on")    = true
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean("yes")   = true
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean("false") = false
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean("x gti") = false
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param str  the String to check
     * @return the boolean value of the string, <code>false</code> if no match
     */
    public static boolean toBoolean(String str) {
        // Previously used equalsIgnoreCase, which was fast for interned 'true'.
        // Non interned 'true' matched 15 times slower.
        // 
        // Optimisation provides same performance as before for interned 'true'.
        // Similar performance for null, 'false', and other strings not length 2/3/4.
        // 'true'/'TRUE' match 4 times slower, 'tRUE'/'True' 7 times slower.
        if (str == "true") {
            return true;
        }
        if (str == null) {
            return false;
        }
        switch (str.length()) {
            case 2: {
                char ch0 = str.charAt(0);
                char ch1 = str.charAt(1);
                return 
                    (ch0 == 'o' || ch0 == 'O') &&
                    (ch1 == 'n' || ch1 == 'N');
            }
            case 3: {
                char ch = str.charAt(0);
                if (ch == 'y') {
                    return 
                        (str.charAt(1) == 'e' || str.charAt(1) == 'E') &&
                        (str.charAt(2) == 's' || str.charAt(2) == 'S');
                }
                if (ch == 'Y') {
                    return 
                        (str.charAt(1) == 'E' || str.charAt(1) == 'e') &&
                        (str.charAt(2) == 'S' || str.charAt(2) == 's');
                }
            }
            case 4: {
                char ch = str.charAt(0);
                if (ch == 't') {
                    return 
                        (str.charAt(1) == 'r' || str.charAt(1) == 'R') &&
                        (str.charAt(2) == 'u' || str.charAt(2) == 'U') &&
                        (str.charAt(3) == 'e' || str.charAt(3) == 'E');
                }
                if (ch == 'T') {
                    return 
                        (str.charAt(1) == 'R' || str.charAt(1) == 'r') &&
                        (str.charAt(2) == 'U' || str.charAt(2) == 'u') &&
                        (str.charAt(3) == 'E' || str.charAt(3) == 'e');
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
    
//    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
//        boolean flag = true;
//        int count = 0;
//        for (int i = 0; i < 100000000; i++) {
//            flag = toBoolean("YES");
//        }
//        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
//        System.out.println((end - start) + " " + flag + " " + count);
//    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a String to a Boolean throwing an exception if no match found.</p>
     * 
     * <p>null is returned if there is no match.</p>
     *
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean("true", "true", "false")  = true
     *   BooleanUtils.toBoolean("false", "true", "false") = false
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param str  the String to check
     * @param trueString  the String to match for <code>true</code>
     *  (case sensitive), may be <code>null</code>
     * @param falseString  the String to match for <code>false</code>
     *  (case sensitive), may be <code>null</code>
     * @return the boolean value of the string
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the String doesn't match
     */
    public static boolean toBoolean(String str, String trueString, String falseString) {
        if (str == null) {
            if (trueString == null) {
                return true;
            } else if (falseString == null) {
                return false;
            }
        } else if (str.equals(trueString)) {
            return true;
        } else if (str.equals(falseString)) {
            return false;
        }
        // no match
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("The String did not match either specified value");
    }

    // Boolean to String methods
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * <p>Converts a Boolean to a String returning <code>'true'</code>,
     * <code>'false'</code>, or <code>null</code>.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringTrueFalse(Boolean.TRUE)  = "true"
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringTrueFalse(Boolean.FALSE) = "false"
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringTrueFalse(null)          = null;
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the Boolean to check
     * @return <code>'true'</code>, <code>'false'</code>,
     *  or <code>null</code>
     */
    public static String toStringTrueFalse(Boolean bool) {
        return toString(bool, "true", "false", null);
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a Boolean to a String returning <code>'on'</code>,
     * <code>'off'</code>, or <code>null</code>.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringOnOff(Boolean.TRUE)  = "on"
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringOnOff(Boolean.FALSE) = "off"
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringOnOff(null)          = null;
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the Boolean to check
     * @return <code>'on'</code>, <code>'off'</code>,
     *  or <code>null</code>
     */
    public static String toStringOnOff(Boolean bool) {
        return toString(bool, "on", "off", null);
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a Boolean to a String returning <code>'yes'</code>,
     * <code>'no'</code>, or <code>null</code>.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringYesNo(Boolean.TRUE)  = "yes"
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringYesNo(Boolean.FALSE) = "no"
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringYesNo(null)          = null;
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the Boolean to check
     * @return <code>'yes'</code>, <code>'no'</code>,
     *  or <code>null</code>
     */
    public static String toStringYesNo(Boolean bool) {
        return toString(bool, "yes", "no", null);
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a Boolean to a String returning one of the input Strings.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toString(Boolean.TRUE, "true", "false", null)   = "true"
     *   BooleanUtils.toString(Boolean.FALSE, "true", "false", null)  = "false"
     *   BooleanUtils.toString(null, "true", "false", null)           = null;
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the Boolean to check
     * @param trueString  the String to return if <code>true</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @param falseString  the String to return if <code>false</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @param nullString  the String to return if <code>null</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @return one of the three input Strings
     */
    public static String toString(Boolean bool, String trueString, String falseString, String nullString) {
        if (bool == null) {
            return nullString;
        }
        return (bool.booleanValue() ? trueString : falseString);
    }
    
    // boolean to String methods
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * <p>Converts a boolean to a String returning <code>'true'</code>
     * or <code>'false'</code>.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringTrueFalse(true)   = "true"
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringTrueFalse(false)  = "false"
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the Boolean to check
     * @return <code>'true'</code>, <code>'false'</code>,
     *  or <code>null</code>
     */
    public static String toStringTrueFalse(boolean bool) {
        return toString(bool, "true", "false");
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a boolean to a String returning <code>'on'</code>
     * or <code>'off'</code>.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringOnOff(true)   = "on"
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringOnOff(false)  = "off"
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the Boolean to check
     * @return <code>'on'</code>, <code>'off'</code>,
     *  or <code>null</code>
     */
    public static String toStringOnOff(boolean bool) {
        return toString(bool, "on", "off");
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a boolean to a String returning <code>'yes'</code>
     * or <code>'no'</code>.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringYesNo(true)   = "yes"
     *   BooleanUtils.toStringYesNo(false)  = "no"
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the Boolean to check
     * @return <code>'yes'</code>, <code>'no'</code>,
     *  or <code>null</code>
     */
    public static String toStringYesNo(boolean bool) {
        return toString(bool, "yes", "no");
    }
    
    /**
     * <p>Converts a boolean to a String returning one of the input Strings.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.toString(true, "true", "false")   = "true"
     *   BooleanUtils.toString(false, "true", "false")  = "false"
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param bool  the Boolean to check
     * @param trueString  the String to return if <code>true</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @param falseString  the String to return if <code>false</code>,
     *  may be <code>null</code>
     * @return one of the two input Strings
     */
    public static String toString(boolean bool, String trueString, String falseString) {
        return (bool ? trueString : falseString);
    }
    
    // xor methods
    // ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * <p>Performs an xor on a set of booleans.</p>
     *
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.xor(new boolean[] { true, true })   = false
     *   BooleanUtils.xor(new boolean[] { false, false }) = false
     *   BooleanUtils.xor(new boolean[] { true, false })  = true
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param array  an array of <code>boolean<code>s
     * @return <code>true</code> if the xor is successful.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>array</code> is <code>null</code>
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>array</code> is empty.
     */
    public static boolean xor(boolean[] array) {
        // Validates input
        if (array == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The Array must not be null");
        } else if (array.length == 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Array is empty");
        }

        // Loops through array, comparing each item
        int trueCount = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            // If item is true, and trueCount is < 1, increments count
            // Else, xor fails
            if (array[i]) {
                if (trueCount < 1) {
                    trueCount++;
                } else {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }

        // Returns true if there was exactly 1 true item
        return trueCount == 1;
    }

    /**
     * <p>Performs an xor on an array of Booleans.</p>
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   BooleanUtils.xor(new Boolean[] { Boolean.TRUE, Boolean.TRUE })   = Boolean.FALSE
     *   BooleanUtils.xor(new Boolean[] { Boolean.FALSE, Boolean.FALSE }) = Boolean.FALSE
     *   BooleanUtils.xor(new Boolean[] { Boolean.TRUE, Boolean.FALSE })  = Boolean.TRUE
     * </pre>
     *
     * @param array  an array of <code>Boolean<code>s
     * @return <code>true</code> if the xor is successful.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>array</code> is <code>null</code>
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>array</code> is empty.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>array</code> contains a <code>null</code>
     */
    public static Boolean xor(Boolean[] array) {
        if (array == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The Array must not be null");
        } else if (array.length == 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Array is empty");
        }
        boolean[] primitive = null;
        try {
            primitive = ArrayUtils.toPrimitive(array);
        } catch (NullPointerException ex) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("The array must not contain any null elements");
        }
        return (xor(primitive) ? Boolean.TRUE : Boolean.FALSE);
    }

}

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